Wednesday, December 7, 2011

Kepler Confirms Exoplanet Inside Star's Habitable Zone

Remember that Kepler looks at stars using the "transit" method. Basically it stares at the little point of light for a looooong time, never blinking and waits to see if the light drops just a teeny bit due to something passing in front of it. How long? Well since it has to calculate the orbital period, it must watch at bare minimum for at least 1 year to see 2 passes (assuming its looking for a planet in an earthlike orbit around a sun-like star). Then, in order to make sure that it isn't some OTHER planet passing in front of the star, or an object in our solar system, or "sun spots" on the star, or maybe space butterflies getting in the way, the scientists must wait for a THIRD confirming pass (at the predicted time of course with the same drop in intensity) to be sure the observation is "real".

I think these guys have found the first "earth-sized" object that has made three confirmed passes. Note that the period is a bit less than a year so they've had enough time to get three observations in the three years. Soon, they'll be announcing confirming "third passes" on more and more planets that have periods in roughly the one-year window that indicates it's in the habitable zone around a sun-like star.

There are two things to note here: First, Kepler can only see planets that pass between it and the target star, that is the planet's orbit must be almost exactly edge on for us to see it. How close to edge on must it be? Well for example; the earth's orbit is a circle (very) roughly 100 million miles from the sun and the sun is roughly 1 million miles across. So, if the orbit was tilted more than 1/100 or 1%, from some distant observer, they wouldn't see it cross in front. (The size of the earth is inconsequential in this calculation because it is so small in relation to the sun). Similarly, for the kind of planets Kepler is looking at circling around sun-like stars, we are only seeing BY PURE CHANCE 1% of them. So if we see 100 planets circling these stars in their habitable zone; that means there are really 10,000 of them! So for a sample size of 150,000 stars, that means that one out of every 15 sunlike stars has planet in it's habitable zone! Amazing, especially when you consider our galaxy to have perhaps 10 BILLION sunlike stars!

Secondly, Kepler was launched before astronomers "discovered" that the best place to find "habitable" planets wasn't around sunlike stars but around smaller cooler stars. For various reasons, the habitable zone (where water can be a liquid) is proportionately larger in these "mini" solar systems (everything is smaller, like the orbits). They realized that even if a planet was tidally "locked" so that one face was always facing the sun, the atmosphere would redistribute the heat enough so the planet would be "habitable" (must sure be windy though). Another advantage is that these smaller stars live much longer than our sun giving life longer to come to well... life! Finally these smaller stars are much more numerous than sunlike stars. Anyway, I think Kepler was focusing mainly on sunlike stars and not these smaller, more numerous and perhaps easier to detect (because the orbits are smaller you don't have to wait as long for three passes) targets. Maybe Kepler II will go after them!

Just so that you know, Kepler is likely (has already?) been giving tons of other interesting data. I understand that its sensors are sensitive (and stable enough!) so as to detect possible sunspots in these stars. Also by paying close attention to the timing of the transits, they can determine whether other planets are gravitationally "tugging" at the transiting planet and perturbing its orbit (that's how Neptune was discovered). Finally, the resolution of the 'light curve" of the transit may be sharp enough to reveal any large moons in orbit around the transiting planet. So even if the planet in the habitable zone is too large to support life as we know it, it may have a right sized moon! (think "Pandora").

Source: http://rss.slashdot.org/~r/Slashdot/slashdotScience/~3/v8RWS68ZlLI/kepler-confirms-exoplanet-inside-stars-habitable-zone

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Monday, November 21, 2011

Lumia heads all the way to China in spring 2012, Nokia to fill the hole in their hearts

Statesiders aren't the only ones waiting on the Lumia line to launch. You can add China to the list of countries beholden to Espoo's "coming soon" promise. According to a report in Chinese magazine Global Entrepreneur, an unnamed Nokia exec has pinned down a release for the company's flagship WP 7 handsets, stating they'd likely hit sometime in April of 2012. True, that date may seem a bit far off, but the Finnish company's got quite a bit to tackle before next spring, as certain aspects of the Redmond-made OS require localization to keep in line with the government's media censorship. As for pricing, well, look for the phones to retail between 4888 to 4999 yuan (about $768 - $786) -- that's bank-breaking territory, indeed. But, if it's a bargain Windows Phone you're after, we hear those are available in spades.

Lumia heads all the way to China in spring 2012, Nokia to fill the hole in their hearts originally appeared on Engadget on Sun, 20 Nov 2011 08:23:00 EDT. Please see our terms for use of feeds.

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Friday, November 18, 2011

Researchers uncover steps in synapse building, pruning

ScienceDaily (Nov. 16, 2011) ? Like a gardener who stakes some plants and weeds out others, the brain is constantly building networks of synapses, while pruning out redundant or unneeded synapses. Researchers at The Jackson Laboratory led by Assistant Professor Zhong-wei Zhang, Ph.D., have discovered a factor in synapse-building, also showing that the building and pruning processes occur independent of each other.

Mammals are born with functioning but not-yet-developed brains. After birth, external stimuli and internal programs continue to shape the connections between neurons, known as synapses, and the formation of networks of synapses known as neuronal circuits. Some grow stronger, some grow weaker, redundant connections are eliminated, and so on. Such "plasticity," the ongoing refinement of neural connections and networks, continues throughout life, albeit more subtly with time and maturation.

Much about plasticity remains unknown. How the neural circuits are modified, what controls the modification, the mechanics of strengthening or eliminating specific synapses and much more are subjects of ongoing research. Besides gaining a better picture of normal brain development, scientists seek to understand the errors in synapse building and pruning that are associated with autism, mental retardation and schizophrenia.

Zhang and colleagues investigated a major type of synapse in the brain (called the glutamatergic synapse) that undergoes rapid refinement soon after birth. What they discovered is that these synapses are strengthened through the addition of a particular kind of glutamate receptors, beginning about a week after birth for mice. Notably, sensory deprivation disrupts the strengthening of the synapses, highlighting the role of early experience in synapse building.

In a somewhat surprising finding, the Zhang lab also discovered that the elimination of redundant synapses was not dependent on the other synapses' being strengthened. Since synaptic strengthening usually precedes removal of redundant synapses, it was not known if such elimination is dependent on the prior strengthening. In mice lacking the receptor, which prevented significant strengthening of synaptic connections, redundant synapses were eliminated as usual.

The Jackson Laboratory is an independent, nonprofit biomedical research institution and National Cancer Institute-designated Cancer Center based in Bar Harbor, Maine, with a facility in Sacramento, Calif., a planned facility in Farmington, Conn., and a total staff of about 1,400. Its mission is to discover the genetic basis for preventing, treating and curing human disease, and to enable research and education for the global biomedical community.

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Journal Reference:

  1. Hao Wang, Hong Liu, Zhong-Wei Zhang. Elimination of Redundant Synaptic Inputs in the Absence of Synaptic Strengthening. Journal of Neuroscience, 2011; 31 (46): 16675-16684 DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4569-11.2011

Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

Disclaimer: This article is not intended to provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Views expressed here do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.

Source: http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2011/11/111116162242.htm

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Tuesday, November 15, 2011

Key senator says another FAA shutdown possible

(AP) ? Another shutdown of the Federal Aviation Administration is possible because lawmakers haven't resolved a labor issue that's holding up passage of a long-term funding bill for the agency, a key senator said Monday.

Sen. Jay Rockefeller, D-W.Va., chairman of the Senate Commerce, Science and Transportation Committee, told aviation industry officials at a luncheon that the chief holdup is a dispute between one airline and labor unions over a provision that would make it more difficult for airline workers to unionize.

Rockefeller was apparently referring to Delta Air Lines, although he didn't mention the airline by name.

That holdup is a labor provision in the House version of the long-term bill. Republicans want to overturn a National Mediation Board rule approved last year that allows airline and railroad employees to form a union by a simple majority of those voting. Under the old rule, workers who didn't vote were treated as "no" votes.

The GOP provision has the backing of the airline industry. The biggest beneficiary would be Delta, the largest carrier whose workers aren't primarily union members.

Rockefeller said there "is no movement, no give" in the GOP-controlled House. He said industry must put more pressure on Congress to pass a bill, which is critical to plans to modernize the nation's air traffic control system.

"I need your help and, frankly, I haven't been getting nearly enough," Rockefeller chastised the luncheon audience, which included dozens of industry lobbyists.

Rockefeller's House counterpart, Rep. John Mica, R-Fla., "has been and continues to be willing to reach a compromise on every single issue in the bill," said Justin Harclerode, Mica's spokesman.

Passage of a long-term bill is important to the FAA's plans to modernize the nation's air traffic control system, Rockefeller said.

If not for setbacks to the airline industry over the past decade that have held down air traffic ? an apparent reference to the Sept. 11, 2001, terrorist attacks, the high price of oil and the sour economy ? the air traffic control system would be gridlocked already, he said.

The FAA has forecast that the air traffic system will grow from nearly 800 million passengers a year today to over 1 billion passengers within the next decade.

The FAA was shut down for two weeks this summer in a dispute involving the labor issue, as well as air service subsidies for rural communities. Tens of thousands of FAA employees and airport construction workers were temporarily laid off.

The FAA's long-term operating authority expired in 2007. The agency has continued to operate under a series of 22 short-term extension bills. The current extension expires on Jan. 31.

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/f70471f764144b2fab526d39972d37b3/Article_2011-11-14-FAA%20Shutdown/id-b126beb363ba46239a8a2038f24823e1

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Sunday, November 13, 2011

Obama seeks to hitch U.S. economy to Asian growth (Reuters)

CORONADO, California (Reuters) ? With Europe mired in crisis, President Barack Obama is launching a charm offensive this week to hitch the U.S. economy to opportunities in Asia he hopes can help power the recovery he needs for re-election.

Obama, who was born in Hawaii and spent part of his childhood in Indonesia, will host leaders of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation forum, including Chinese President Hu Jintao and Japanese Prime Minister Yoshihiko Noda, in Honolulu this weekend to seek to improve trade ties across the region.

He will then travel to Australia to announce plans to boost the U.S. military presence in the region and will be the first American president to attend the East Asia Summit in Bali, where he will heap attention on the Philippines, Thailand, Malaysia and Indonesia as well as India.

The campaign to cozy up to Asian powers large and small comes at a critical moment for the U.S. economy, whose recovery is at risk because of a spiraling debt crisis in Europe that dominated a summit of Group of 20 leaders in France last week.

"To have this trip happen when you have nothing but crisis in Europe and nothing but opportunity in Asia, you couldn't have more of a juxtaposition," said Victor Cha, who advised President George W. Bush on Asian affairs.

Georgetown University professor Charles Kupchan said he expected the Asia swing to be "much more upbeat" than the trip to Cannes had been for Obama, whose re-election chances in November 2012 hinge on his economic record.

Executives from companies such as Boeing, Caterpillar, General Electric and Time Warner Cable are also attending the APEC summit in Hawaii to help Obama make the case that closer ties with Asia will help create U.S. jobs.

"When you look for rays of light, where is growth going to come from, one of the main answers is exports to Asia," Kupchan said. "It is something that this president needs to focus on, particularly in an election season."

Obama and his wife Michelle were scheduled to arrive in Honolulu later on Friday.

En route to Hawaii, they stopped at Naval Base Coronado near San Diego to attend the Carrier Classic college basketball game being held on the flight deck of the USS Carl Vinson, the aircraft carrier used for burial at sea of al Qaeda leader Osama bin Laden in May.

During the trip, Obama will not be able to leave the European financial crisis behind entirely.

Asia-Pacific finance ministers meeting before the leaders' summit fretted about Europe's lack of strong action to deal with crises in Greece and Italy and talked of ways to bolster their economies to minimize spillover.

PACIFIC POWER

Obama will also seek to reassert the U.S. role as a Pacific power, shifting more of its budget-stretched military resources to Asia as it pulls out of Afghanistan and Iraq and worries less about security in Europe.

Obama wants to make clear at the summit that "the United States is all in as it relates to the Asia-Pacific region" despite U.S. budget constraints, senior White House aide Ben Rhodes told reporters.

"We believe we can ... play our role in terms of having a robust force posture even in a time of fiscal austerity in cuts in a defense budget," said Rhodes, a White House deputy national security adviser.

In Australia, Obama is set to announce an agreement for more than 2,000 U.S. Marines to train and do joint exercises from Darwin, a city with a large military presence on the country's northern coast, according to an Obama administration official familiar with the plans.

The cooperation deal is seen as a stepping stone to a more permanent presence for the United States in Australia, which could eventually see U.S. vessels stationed in Perth or nearby that could respond faster to regional threats or humanitarian emergencies than they could from Hawaii or California.

"This is part of a big push to put the United States back into the Asian game after a decade or so in which it has been preoccupied with the Middle East," Kupchan said.

Obama is likely to avoid direct references to China when making the announcement, although the agreement is widely seen as a way for the United States to act as a check on Chinese power and defuse conflicts over waterways and disputed islands.

"It is sending a very clear message that the United States is not ceding Asia diplomatically to China," said Cha, the former Bush adviser who is now a scholar at the Center for Strategic and International Studies.

(Additional reporting by Rob Taylor in Canberra; Editing by John O'Callaghan)

Source: http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/business/*http%3A//news.yahoo.com/s/nm/20111112/ts_nm/us_apec_obama_f

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After week of turmoil, it's gameday at Penn State (AP)

STATE COLLEGE, Pa. ? Athletes often talk of the playing field being their sanctuary, the one place they can go to shut out the distractions ? good and bad ? of real life.

If ever a team and its fans needed an escape, it is Penn State.

Still reeling from the child sex-abuse scandal that has rocked Penn State to its very core and cost Joe Paterno his job, the Nittany Lions' game against Nebraska on Saturday will be part pep rally, part cleansing.

"This is not about even a football team, or who coaches or doesn't coach," Gov. Tom Corbett said Friday after attending the board of trustees meeting.

It is about picking up the pieces.

Former defensive coordinator Jerry Sandusky, once considered Paterno's heir apparent, is accused of sexually abusing eight boys over a 15-year span, with several of the alleged assaults occurring on Penn State property. Two university officials are accused of perjury, and Paterno and president Graham Spanier were fired for not doing enough to prevent the alleged abuse.

This will be the first game in almost a half-century ? 46 years, to be exact ? that Paterno is not leading the Nittany Lions. Tom Bradley, Paterno's lead assistant on the field for the past 11 years, is serving as interim coach.

"We are obviously in a very unprecedented situation," Bradley said Thursday. "I just have to find a way to restore the confidence and to start a healing process with everybody."

The scandal would be damaging enough to a university that prides itself on its integrity. That it involved Paterno, major college football's winningest coach and the man who'd come to symbolize all that was good at Penn State, made it that much worse.

Thousands of angry students paraded through the streets after Paterno was fired Wednesday night, some throwing rocks and bottles and tipping over a TV news van.

"Having (Paterno) taken away from us made us feel lost," Leah Blasko, a junior from Pittsburgh, said at the candle light vigil held Friday night as a show of support for the alleged victims. "Tonight really gave us a place to put ourselves back together."

Saturday's game will be another step.

Instead of the usual "whiteout," Beaver Stadium is expected to be awash in blue in a sign of support for the alleged victims. Donations for two child-abuse prevention organizations are being accepted at the stadium gates. Other fund-raisers taking place have already raised more than $200,000.

"We are supporting the victims," said Kristie Winiarski, a senior from Doylestown, Pa., who was selling homemade baked goods Friday to raise money for Prevent Child Abuse Pennsylvania. "We want to show the world we can do more than riot."

State College police Capt. John Gardner promised a heavy police presence to deter a recurrence of the violence that occurred Wednesday night. There were already signs of it Friday night, with police officers walking up and down Beaver Avenue, a street popular with students because of its bars and restaurants.

Gardner said he does not anticipate any problems Saturday.

"I've got a lot of faith in the vast majority of Penn State and I think they're going to do the right thing," he said. "Come out, show support for the victims of this terrible scandal and enjoy themselves at a football game."

One person not expected to be there is Paterno, who has stayed out of sight since Wednesday night.

"That's Joe Paterno's decision," new Penn State president Rod Erickson said Friday when asked if he expected Paterno at the game. "Clearly he's welcome to come, as any other member of the public would be."

Source: http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/sports/*http%3A//news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20111112/ap_on_sp_co_ne/fbc_penn_state_gameday

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Saturday, November 12, 2011

Free trade gets boost at APEC from Japan (Reuters)

HONOLULU (Reuters) ? Japan's readiness to join Asia-Pacific free trade talks gave momentum on Friday to global efforts to reinvigorate trade ties and boosted President Barack Obama's drive for U.S. leadership in the world's most economically dynamic region.

The Obama administration is seeking to reset relations with Pacific nations and offer a counterweight to China's growing power at the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation leaders' summit this weekend in Honolulu.

"We obviously believe that the world's strategic and economic center of gravity will be the Asia-Pacific for the 21st century and it will be up to American statecraft over the next decade to lock in a substantially increased investment -- diplomatic, economic, strategic and otherwise," Secretary of State Hillary Clinton said after meeting APEC ministers.

Obama -- who also sees increased trade opportunities as an engine for U.S. job creation that could help him through a troubled 2012 reelection bid -- arrives later on Friday to host the annual gathering of APEC's 21 members, which account for more than half of the world's output.

With Europe's debt crisis sending shock waves around the globe, this year's APEC meeting is also shaping up as a forum to press the euro zone to sort out its problems and for APEC countries to bolster defenses against the fallout.

"The stakes are high for all of us," Clinton said earlier.

Fostering free trade is one of the few steps that leaders can take to spur global growth when fiscal and monetary measures are virtually exhausted in many developed countries. Pushing ahead with regional trade pacts has gained importance now the Doha round of global talks have ground to a halt.

Japanese Prime Minister Yoshihiko Noda announced earlier in Tokyo that the world's third-largest economy wants to join U.S.-led talks to forge a Transpacific Partnership among nine nations.

Its addition holds out the prospect of creating a huge regional market, around 40 percent bigger than the 27-nation European Union. Mexico and Canada quickly signaled their interest in exploring joining the talks, though they made no commitment to do so.

Tokyo's move marked a breakthrough in Washington's efforts to seize the initiative from Beijing, which has made deep economic inroads in the region.

"As a trading country that has built its prosperity of today, we must take advantage of growth in the Asia-Pacific region," Noda said in Tokyo before leaving for the summit.

But China, frequently at odds with the United States on trade and currency issues, gave a cool reception to the initiative. A commentary in China's state-owned news agency Xinhua said Washington was using the proposed pact as a way to enhance its influence in Asia on its terms.

In a tense exchange at an APEC trade ministers news conference that pointed up the depth of U.S.-China rivalry, Assistant Commerce Minister Yu Jianhua said Beijing had not been asked to join the TPP talks but would seriously consider if it were invited.

But U.S. Trade Representative Ron Kirk insisted the pact was "not designed to be a closed clubhouse ... it is also not one where you should wait for an invitation."

He said national leaders would announce the "broad outlines" of a deal at the summit and voiced U.S. hopes it could be the basis for the long-term goal of an APEC-wide free trade zone.

Japan's interest still faces significant hurdles.

Kirk welcomed Tokyo's move but insisted it must be prepared to meet the "high standards" of liberalized trade by reducing barriers to agriculture, services and manufacturing. Japan's farmers have proved a formidable domestic opponents to removing its large subsidies.

Japan also must overcome skepticism in the U.S. Congress and among American business and labor leaders. At least one major U.S. company, Ford Motor Co, said it opposed letting Japan into the negotiations because it believes Tokyo is not prepared to address barriers to importing American cars.

Australia hailed Japan's interest in a comprehensive agreement, with Trade Minister Craig Emerson calling it "an extremely positive development."

Other countries in the TPP trade talks are New Zealand, Malaysia, Singapore, Vietnam, Brunei, Chile and Peru.

BUSINESS APPLIES PRESSURE

Asia-Pacific chief executives pressed world leaders to step up free trade initiatives in a "volatile" economic climate that they fear could spawn protectionist sentiment.

With Europe in danger of slipping into recession and U.S. growth sluggish, Asia represents the best bet for keeping the world economy on track.

Senior officials drafting an APEC communique agreed on Thursday on the need for Europe to act more forcefully to sort out its debt woes and for Asia-Pacific countries to bolster themselves against the potential spillover from the euro zone.

But there was no sign the summit would offer any concrete measures to help the euro zone cope with its crisis.

APEC leaders, who begin meetings on Saturday, are expected to keep the heat on China over what many see as an artificially undervalued yuan that hurts competitors. The currency issue has been a major irritant between Washington and Beijing.

Finance ministers pledged to take steps to strengthen growth and move faster toward market-based pricing of their currencies. Even so, China's deputy finance minister Wang Jun dampened prospects for a faster appreciation of the yuan.

"Facing current economic conditions, the Chinese government will continue to adopt proactive financial policy and stable currency policy," Jun said, according to the state news agency Xinhua. But he did commit to quicken the pace of China's move over the longer term toward a domestic consumer market, in balance with its export-driven economy.

(Writing by Stella Dawson and Matt Spetalnick; Additional reporting by Kiyoshi Takenaka and Michael Martina; Editing by John O'Callaghan)

Source: http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/economy/*http%3A//news.yahoo.com/s/nm/20111112/bs_nm/us_apec

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AP Exclusive: Cain accuser complained in next job (AP)

WASHINGTON ? Three years after Karen Kraushaar settled her sexual harassment complaint against Herman Cain and quit the trade association where they worked, she filed another complaint at her new job. She argued that supervisors there unfairly denied her request to work from home after a car accident and accused one of them of circulating a sexually oriented email, The Associated Press has learned.

Kraushaar, 55, says she later dropped the complaint that she filed while working as a spokeswoman at the Immigration and Naturalization Service in late 2002 or early 2003 and left the agency to take a job at the Treasury Department. She says she considered the immigration service complaint "relatively minor."

But three former supervisors say the allegations, which did not include a sexual harassment claim, were investigated and treated seriously. Two former supervisors say she initially demanded a settlement of thousands of dollars, a promotion on the federal pay scale, reinstated leave time and a one-year fellowship to Harvard's Kennedy School of Government. The promotion itself would have increased her annual salary between $12,000 and $16,000, according to salary tables in 2002 from the U.S. Office of Personnel Management.

Details of the second complaint come as Kraushaar says she will provide specifics about the allegations she made against Cain, the GOP businessman now running for president who led the National Restaurant Association when she worked there. She is reaching out to three other Cain accusers, suggesting they can schedule a joint news conference to rebut Cain's insistence that he has never sexually harassed anyone.

Cain's campaign said news of Kraushaar's complaint at the immigration service and details about another accuser's financial problems were "interesting revelations."

"We hope that the court of public opinion will take this into consideration as they, the women, continue to try to keep this story alive," spokesman J.D. Gordon said in a statement Wednesday.

The Cain campaign projected an air of business as usual with the release of his first TV ad of the season and the announcement that he will appear on the "Late Show with David Letterman" on Nov. 18.

Cain also was appearing Wednesday night at a GOP candidates' debate in Michigan.

The 60-second ad, airing only in Iowa, amplifies Cain's oft-repeated claim that the Environmental Protection Agency is hurting farmers by attempting to regulate methane gas from livestock and agricultural dust. The EPA under President Barack Obama has said it has no such plans.

And the campaign announced an endorsement from Georgia state Sen. Renee Unterman, a Republican woman whose backing comes as Cain works to steady support among female voters amid increasingly graphic sexual harassment allegations.

Democrats were beginning to speak up on Cain.

The party's national chair, Rep. Debbie Wasserman Schultz of Florida, said at a news conference before the debate, "They are very serious allegations and he must be called to account and be specific in his response to those allegations. He has not done that to date."

When Kraushaar filed her immigration service complaint against supervisors in late 2002 or early 2003, she turned to Joel Bennett, the same Washington lawyer who handled her earlier sexual harassment complaint against Cain.

"The concern was that there may have been discrimination on the job and that I was being treated unfairly," Kraushaar said.

Kraushaar said she did not remember details about the complaint and did not remember asking for a payment, a promotion or a fellowship. Bennett declined to discuss the case with the AP, saying he considered it confidential.

Kraushaar now works as a spokeswoman in the office of the Treasury Department's inspector general for tax administration.

Her complaint at the immigration service was based on supervisors denying her request to work fulltime from home after a serious car accident in 2002, three former supervisors said. Two of them said Kraushaar also had been denied previous requests to work from home before the car accident.

The complaint also cited as objectionable an email that a manager had circulated comparing computers to men and women, a former supervisor said. The complaint contended that the email, based on humor widely circulated on the Internet, was sexually explicit, according to the supervisor, who did not have a copy of the email. The joke circulated online lists reasons men and women are like computers, including that men are because "in order to get their attention, you have to turn them on." Women are like computers, it says, because "even your smallest mistakes are stored in long-term memory for later retrieval."

Kraushaar told the AP that she remembered the complaint focusing on supervisors denying her the opportunity to work from home after her car accident. She said other employees were allowed to work from home.

Kraushaar, who is married and lives in suburban Maryland, was one of two women who formally settled harassment complaints against Cain in exchange for severance payments in the late 1990s when they worked at the restaurant association. Bennett has said Kraushaar settled her claim during the summer of 1999, shortly after Cain left the organization. Neither Kraushaar nor Bennett has described exactly what Cain was accused of saying or doing when she worked there. The New York Times has reported that Kraushaar received $45,000 in the settlement with the restaurant association.

Kraushaar agreed to discuss some aspects of the complaint at the immigration service if the AP agreed to protect her privacy, as it did in previous accounts of her complaint against Cain. She subsequently waived her privacy by confirming for news organizations her identity as one of two women who settled complaints against Cain, so the AP no longer is shielding her identity.

Cain said allegations of sexual harassment by Kraushaar ? whom Cain identified by name in a televised news conference Tuesday ? were determined to be "baseless" at the restaurant association. But he did not explain who made this determination, and Kraushaar has disputed this. Cain said that after negotiations between Bennett and the association's outside counsel she received money under an employment agreement, which Cain said was different from a legal settlement.

"When she made her accusations, they were found to be baseless and she could not find anyone to corroborate her story," Cain said.

Cain said he remembered gesturing to Kraushaar and noting that she was the same height as his wife, about chin-high to him. The Georgia businessman said Kraushaar did not react noticeably, but he said the restaurant association lawyer later told him that was the most serious claim that Kraushaar had made against him, "the one she was most upset about."

"Other things that might have been in the accusations, I'm not aware of, I don't remember," Cain said.

Bennett told reporters Wednesday that Kraushaar suffered multiple incidents of harassment and would not have filed a claim based only on a comment about height.

"My client is an intelligent, well-educated woman. She would never file a sexual harassment complaint about a comment like that," he said.

Cain has vowed to strike back at his accusers and respond to any allegations. His Atlanta-based lawyer, Lin Wood, said Wednesday the campaign had asked the restaurant association for the complaints that Kraushaar and the other employee filed so he could prepare a more complete response but the group refused to release them.

Sharon Bialek, a Chicago woman who once worked for the restaurant association's education foundation, accused Cain this week of groping her and attempting to force himself on her inside a parked car after they had dinner in 1997. Another woman told the AP that Cain made unwanted sexual advances to her while she worked for the association, and a pollster said he witnessed Cain sexually harass another woman after an association dinner.

The complaint at the immigration service was "nobody's business," Kraushaar said, because it was irrelevant to her sexual harassment settlement with Cain years earlier. "What you're looking for here is evidence of an employee who is out to get people," she said. "That's completely untrue."

Kraushaar, who started her career in Washington as a reporter, was praised for her work in 2000 when she traveled to Miami to help immigration officials during the coverage of the Elian Gonzalez case when federal agents seized the boy from relatives to return him to his father in Cuba.

"Ms. Kraushaar's assistance was invaluable and her performance extraordinary," wrote Robert A. Wallis, the immigration service district director in Miami. Kraushaar provided seven such letters of recommendation to show that her performance was commendable while working at the Consumer Product Safety Commission, the restaurant association and the immigration service.

___

Follow Blackledge at http://twitter.com/brettblackledge and Gamboa at http://twitter.com/APsgamboa

Source: http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/topstories/*http%3A//news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20111109/ap_on_el_pr/us_cain

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Friday, November 11, 2011

U.S. may sell precision-guided bombs to UAE: source (Reuters)

WASHINGTON (Reuters) ? The U.S. government may soon announce plans for a large sale of precision-guided bombs to the United Arab Emirates, a source familiar with the arms sales plans said late on Thursday, as tensions mounted with Iran over its nuclear program.

The Pentagon is considering a significant sale of Joint Direct Attack Munitions made by Boeing Co, adding to other recent arms deals with the UAE. These include the sale of 500 Hellfire air-to-surface missiles about which U.S. lawmakers were notified in September.

The sale of Boeing-built "bunker-buster" bombs and other munitions to UAE, a key Gulf ally, is part of an ongoing U.S. effort to build a regional coalition to counter Iran.

No comment was immediately available from the Pentagon's press office or the Defense Security Cooperation Agency, which oversees foreign arms sales.

Boeing has sold thousands of JDAM bombs to the United States and its allies in recent months as they have replenished their arsenal of the popular precision-guided bombs.

Boeing spokesman Garrett Kasper said the company was unable to discuss the proposed contract since it would involve a foreign military sale, something that would be discussed at a government-to-government level.

The proposed sale, first reported by the Wall Street Journal, would expand the existing capabilities of UAE's air force to target buildings such as the bunkers and tunnels where Iran is believed to be developing nuclear or other weapons. The newspaper said Washington was eyeing the sale of 4,900 of the so-called smart bombs.

Tension over Iran's nuclear program has increased since Tuesday when the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) reported that Tehran appeared to have worked on designing a bomb and may still be conducting secret research to that end.

Speculation has heightened in the Israeli media that Israel may strike Iran's nuclear sites and there is speculation in the Western press about a possible U.S. attack.

But U.S. Defense Secretary Leon Panetta on Thursday warned that military action against Iran could have "unintended consequences" in the region. Tehran had warned earlier that an attack against its nuclear sites would be met by "iron fists."

Iran says its nuclear program is peaceful and that it is enriching uranium to run reactors for electricity generation.

The Obama administration is trying to build up the six members of the Gulf Cooperation Council, which includes Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Oman, Qatar, UAE, and Kuwait, as a unified counterweight to Iran.

Recent arms deals approved by the administration include a record $60 billion plan to sell Saudi Arabia advanced F-15 aircraft, some 2,000-pound (907-kg) JDAMs and other powerful munitions.

The U.S. government also approved the sale of a $7 billion terminal missile defense program to UAE that would be built by Lockheed Martin Corp.

Washington has also sought to build up missile-defense systems across the region, with the goal of building an integrated network to defend against short- and intermediate-range ballistic missiles from Iran.

The UAE has a fleet of advanced U.S.-made F-16 fighters, also built by Lockheed, that could carry the JDAMs.

Once the Pentagon formally notifies lawmakers about a proposed sale, they have 30 days to raise objections, although such action is rare since sales are carefully vetted with Congress before they are formally announced.

This sale will likely include other weapons systems, including military aircraft and other weapons, according to the source familiar with the plans.

(Reporting by Andrea Shalal-Esa; Editing by Eric Walsh)

Source: http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/iran/*http%3A//news.yahoo.com/s/nm/20111111/pl_nm/us_usa_uae_bombs

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Video: Santelli's Political & Bond Outlook

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Source: http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/21134540/vp/45225027#45225027

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Monday, November 7, 2011

Man Found Dead In UCLA Fraternity House

Century City, CA Patch:

An 18-year-old man was found dead in a bed at a UCLA fraternity house Saturday afternoon.

The Manhattan Beach man has been identified as Glen Parrish, and the cause of death is under investigation. Parrish was not a UCLA student.

Read the whole story: Century City, CA Patch

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Source: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/11/06/man-found-dead-in-ucla-fr_n_1079051.html

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Four killed after bombs target Iraq Sunni militia (Reuters)

BAGHDAD (Reuters) ? Four bombs exploded near the home of a local leader of a government-supported Sunni militia north of Iraq's capital on Saturday, killing four people and wounding eight others, police and health sources said.

The attack follows a major assault on Thursday on the Sahwa militia, which helped turn the tide of the war by taking up arms against al Qaeda. Six people were killed and dozens wounded when bombs exploded near a group of fighters as they lined up to receive their pay in the city of Baquba.

Iraqi security forces and Sahwa members have been frequent targets in recent weeks as militants try to destabilize Iraq's fragile, cross-sectarian government while the United States withdraw its remaining 33,000 troops.

The four bombs exploded near a house in Taji, 20 km (12 miles) north of Baghdad, a mixed area of Shi'ites and Sunnis that was once a battlefield for al Qaeda and the Mehdi Army Shi'ite militia.

"Two bombs went off near the house of Isa Kadhim, a Sahwa leader in Taji town, killing his brother, his wife and two of his children," a police source said.

"A few minutes later, another two bombs went off close to the first explosions, wounding eight people in the area."

A source at Kadhimiya Hospital in northwestern Baghdad confirmed the death toll.

The sectarian slaughter of 2006-07 has ebbed but al Qaeda-linked Sunni insurgents and Shi'ite militias still carry out scores of bombings and other attacks each month, more than eight years after the 2003 U.S.-led invasion that toppled Saddam Hussein.

U.S. troops are scheduled to withdraw completely by the end of the year.

(Reporting by Kareem Raheem; Writing by Waleed Ibrahim; Editing by Jim Loney and Sophie Hares)

Source: http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/iraq/*http%3A//news.yahoo.com/s/nm/20111105/wl_nm/us_iraq_violence_militia

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Sunday, November 6, 2011

US prosecutors dismiss charges in Vt. lesbian case (AP)

MONTPELIER, Vt. ? Federal prosecutors have dismissed criminal charges against a missionary accused of helping a woman involved in a custody dispute with her former lesbian partner flee the United States.

Court document say Vermont's U.S. attorney dismissed the charge against Timothy David Miller in exchange for Miller's willingness to testify in the case against Lisa Miller of Forest, Va.

Before his arrest in April, Timothy Miller, who is not related to Lisa Miller, had been working as a missionary in Nicaragua.

An arrest warrant has been issued for Lisa Miller. She and her daughter Isabella have not been seen in the United States since September 2009. A Vermont judge had awarded custody of Isabella to Lisa Miller's former partner, Janet Jenkins, of Fair Haven.

Source: http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/crime/*http%3A//news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20111104/ap_on_re_us/us_lesbian_custody

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NFL Sunday Ticket is big draw for DirecTV in 3Q (AP)

NEW YORK ? DirecTV Group Inc., the country's largest satellite TV broadcaster, raked in more subscribers than ever in the third quarter, helped by the NFL Sunday Ticket.

DirecTV, the added a net 327,000 U.S. subscribers in the July to September period, the best third-quarter result in at least five years. Including Latin American operations, net gains were 901,000, the best for any quarter.

The new subscribers drove revenue up 14 percent from a year ago to $6.84 billion.

But NFL programming is expensive, and net income was $516 million, or 70 cents per share, up only 7.7 percent from last year's $479 million, or 55 cents per share.

Analysts polled by FactSet had expected earnings of 73 cents per share on revenue of $6.74 billion.

DirecTV shares rose 69 cents, or 1.5 percent, to $45.55 in premarket trading.

The NFL Sunday Ticket gives access to every out-of-market Sunday NFL game, with bells and whistles like the ability to show eight live games simultaneously, side-by-side. DirecTV charges $53 per month for it.

Average revenue per U.S. user was $92.21 per month, a modest increase of 3.6 percent from a year ago. Latin American subscribers paid an average of $64.63, a figure that was up 7.7 percent from a year ago, after adjusting for currency fluctuations.

The flood of new subscribers comes after a dismal second quarter, which saw DirecTV gain just 26,000 U.S. subscribers, a record low. Rival Dish Network Corp. lost more subscribers than that, which meant the U.S. satellite industry posted a net subscriber loss for the first time ever.

DirecTV ended the quarter with 19.8 million U.S. subscribers, making it the second-largest provider of pay-TV service after cable company Comcast Corp. In Latin America, it had 7.3 million subscribers.

Dish reports third-quarter results on Monday.

Source: http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/earnings/*http%3A//news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20111103/ap_on_hi_te/us_earns_directv

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Saturday, November 5, 2011

Huntsman: GOP rivals don't know enough about China (AP)

BLUFFTON, S.C. ? Republican presidential hopeful Jon Huntsman said Wednesday that recent comments by rivals Herman Cain and Mitt Romney raise concerns about taking the nation's security and economic policies toward China in the wrong direction.

"It can lead to misguided policies economically, militarily and from a regional security standpoint that can be very damaging to this nation," Huntsman said in an interview with The Associated Press.

Huntsman said the United States has to wield its power in the right ways.

"Let's get serious about the country that will really matter most, and we've got to make this relationship work," Huntsman said "We have to deal with China economically; we've got to deal with them from a security standpoint."

On Monday, Cain said in a PBS interview that China is a military threat to the United States and that his strategy in dealing with that nation is to outgrow it economically.

"They've indicated that they're trying to develop nuclear capability and they want to develop more aircraft carriers like we have. So, yes, we have to consider them a military threat," Cain said on Monday's NewsHour.

But China detonated its first nuclear device in 1964.

Meanwhile, Romney has said he wants to impose tariffs on Chinese goods in response to China's manipulation of its currency.

"Of course, we'd get the same thing in return. We'd get a trade war," Huntsman said. "It's pretty simple. And that's the last thing this country should want when we're staring down the prospects of a second recession."

While Cain and Romney have been leading the GOP contest, Huntsman has trailed badly, barely registering in early polls. On Wednesday Huntsman was trying to generate traction among an audience of about 200 in early voting South Carolina. Huntsman stopped at Sun City Hilton Head, home to a large block of reliable Republican voters ahead of a debate on national security next week in Spartanburg.

Source: http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/gop/*http%3A//news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20111102/ap_on_el_pr/us_huntsman_china

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Millisecond pulsar in spin mode

Millisecond pulsar in spin mode [ Back to EurekAlert! ] Public release date: 3-Nov-2011
[ | E-mail | Share Share ]

Contact: Paulo Freire
pfreire@mpifr-bonn.mpg.de
49-228-525-496
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft

This press release is available in German.

Astronomers have tracked down the first gamma-ray pulsar in a globular cluster of stars. It is around 27,000 light years away and thus also holds the distance record in this class of objects. Moreover, its high luminosity indicates that J1823-3021A is the youngest millisecond pulsar found to date, and that its magnetic field is much stronger than theoretically predicted. This therefore suggests the existence of a new population of such extreme objects. The discovery was made by Paulo Freire and an international team of scientists from the Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy in Bonn. The researchers evaluated data from the Fermi space telescope.

When the nuclear fuel in the core of a massive star is spent, the star collapses and releases so much energy in the process that it briefly radiates a billion times brighter than before. Such a supernova also marks the birth of a neutron star, an extremely compact atomic nucleus with a diameter of around 20 kilometres but several million times the mass of the Earth. The neutron star spins very rapidly about its axis and accelerated; charged particles emit electromagnetic radiation along the magnetic field lines in different wavelength bands. This radiation is bundled along the magnetic field's axis - like the light beam from a beacon.

Such a pulsar has rotational periods of between 16 milliseconds and eight seconds. The so-called millisecond pulsars, which have rotational periods down to 1.4 milliseconds, rotate even faster this corresponds to 43,000 rotations per minute! It would seem that the initially lower rotational speed was subsequently increased as matter was accreted from a companion star. It is indeed the case that most of these millisecond pulsars can be found in binary star systems.

Millisecond pulsars have an extremely high rotational stability even on long time scales; their cycle accuracy is comparable with that of the best atomic clocks on Earth. They are like huge flywheels in space, and hardly anything can affect their rotation. These objects can assist scientists to test the General Theory of Relativity; they can also be used in the search for gravitational waves and to analyse the properties of the superdense matter in the pulsar.

"We have now discovered more than 100 of these objects with radio telescopes," says Paulo Freire from the Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy. "The high sensitivity of the Fermi telescope has now enabled us to track down a millisecond pulsar by its gamma radiation as well for the first time." The researchers found the pulsar with the designation J1823?3021A in the centre of a globular cluster.

Globular clusters are very old swarms of hundreds of thousands of stars whose gravitational forces bind them to each other. They are home to a large number of binary star systems that can lead to the formation of millisecond pulsars. One of these star clusters is NGC 6624 out towards the Sagittarius constellation. It is in the central region of our Milky Way, around 27,000 light years away. The researchers have been able to find a total of six pulsars in this globular cluster; J1823-3021A was the first.

With a rotational period of only 5.44 milliseconds (11,000 rotations per minute) it is also the most luminous pulsar detected to date in a globular cluster. J1823-3021A had already been discovered in the radio band back in 1994. Since then, regular time sequence measurements have been carried out with large radio telescopes, in particular with the Lovell telescope of the University of Manchester (Great Britain) and the Nanay telescope in France.

"We were very surprised to discover that the pulsar radiates very brightly in the gamma radiation band as well," says Damien Parent from the US Center for Earth Observing and Space Research. "We did not expect these millisecond pulsars to be so bright. This implies an unexpectedly strong magnetic field for such a rapidly rotating pulsar."

"This is a challenge for our current theories regarding the formation of such pulsars," explains Michael Kramer, Director at the Max Planck Institute in Bonn and head of the Fundamental Physics in Radio Astronomy research group there. "We are currently investigating a whole series of possible explanations. Nature might even be forming millisecond pulsars in a way that we do not even have on the radar as yet."

"No matter how these anomalous pulsars might form, one thing seems to be certain," says Paulo Freire: "In globular clusters, at least, these are objects so young that they are probably forming as often as the large number of normal millisecond pulsars which we already know about."

###



[ Back to EurekAlert! ] [ | E-mail | Share Share ]

?


AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.


Millisecond pulsar in spin mode [ Back to EurekAlert! ] Public release date: 3-Nov-2011
[ | E-mail | Share Share ]

Contact: Paulo Freire
pfreire@mpifr-bonn.mpg.de
49-228-525-496
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft

This press release is available in German.

Astronomers have tracked down the first gamma-ray pulsar in a globular cluster of stars. It is around 27,000 light years away and thus also holds the distance record in this class of objects. Moreover, its high luminosity indicates that J1823-3021A is the youngest millisecond pulsar found to date, and that its magnetic field is much stronger than theoretically predicted. This therefore suggests the existence of a new population of such extreme objects. The discovery was made by Paulo Freire and an international team of scientists from the Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy in Bonn. The researchers evaluated data from the Fermi space telescope.

When the nuclear fuel in the core of a massive star is spent, the star collapses and releases so much energy in the process that it briefly radiates a billion times brighter than before. Such a supernova also marks the birth of a neutron star, an extremely compact atomic nucleus with a diameter of around 20 kilometres but several million times the mass of the Earth. The neutron star spins very rapidly about its axis and accelerated; charged particles emit electromagnetic radiation along the magnetic field lines in different wavelength bands. This radiation is bundled along the magnetic field's axis - like the light beam from a beacon.

Such a pulsar has rotational periods of between 16 milliseconds and eight seconds. The so-called millisecond pulsars, which have rotational periods down to 1.4 milliseconds, rotate even faster this corresponds to 43,000 rotations per minute! It would seem that the initially lower rotational speed was subsequently increased as matter was accreted from a companion star. It is indeed the case that most of these millisecond pulsars can be found in binary star systems.

Millisecond pulsars have an extremely high rotational stability even on long time scales; their cycle accuracy is comparable with that of the best atomic clocks on Earth. They are like huge flywheels in space, and hardly anything can affect their rotation. These objects can assist scientists to test the General Theory of Relativity; they can also be used in the search for gravitational waves and to analyse the properties of the superdense matter in the pulsar.

"We have now discovered more than 100 of these objects with radio telescopes," says Paulo Freire from the Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy. "The high sensitivity of the Fermi telescope has now enabled us to track down a millisecond pulsar by its gamma radiation as well for the first time." The researchers found the pulsar with the designation J1823?3021A in the centre of a globular cluster.

Globular clusters are very old swarms of hundreds of thousands of stars whose gravitational forces bind them to each other. They are home to a large number of binary star systems that can lead to the formation of millisecond pulsars. One of these star clusters is NGC 6624 out towards the Sagittarius constellation. It is in the central region of our Milky Way, around 27,000 light years away. The researchers have been able to find a total of six pulsars in this globular cluster; J1823-3021A was the first.

With a rotational period of only 5.44 milliseconds (11,000 rotations per minute) it is also the most luminous pulsar detected to date in a globular cluster. J1823-3021A had already been discovered in the radio band back in 1994. Since then, regular time sequence measurements have been carried out with large radio telescopes, in particular with the Lovell telescope of the University of Manchester (Great Britain) and the Nanay telescope in France.

"We were very surprised to discover that the pulsar radiates very brightly in the gamma radiation band as well," says Damien Parent from the US Center for Earth Observing and Space Research. "We did not expect these millisecond pulsars to be so bright. This implies an unexpectedly strong magnetic field for such a rapidly rotating pulsar."

"This is a challenge for our current theories regarding the formation of such pulsars," explains Michael Kramer, Director at the Max Planck Institute in Bonn and head of the Fundamental Physics in Radio Astronomy research group there. "We are currently investigating a whole series of possible explanations. Nature might even be forming millisecond pulsars in a way that we do not even have on the radar as yet."

"No matter how these anomalous pulsars might form, one thing seems to be certain," says Paulo Freire: "In globular clusters, at least, these are objects so young that they are probably forming as often as the large number of normal millisecond pulsars which we already know about."

###



[ Back to EurekAlert! ] [ | E-mail | Share Share ]

?


AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.


Source: http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-11/m-mpi110311.php

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Five Favorite Films with Kevin Clash

It's hard not to envy Kevin Clash's day job: he gets to build puppets, perform silly voices and create characters for the entertainment of millions of kids around the world. The subject of Constance Marks' acclaimed documentary Being Elmo: A Puppeteer's Journey, Clash is a key player in the Jim Henson team, serving as a perforrmer, producer and creative consultant on the Muppets and Sesame Street, where his impossibly popular little red avatar continues to enthrall young audiences. But he's more than just Elmo's engine. As the documentary reveals, Clash's career as a puppeteer goes way back to his childhood, when he was entertaining neighborhood kids as a peer and later scouted to perform on national TV shows while still in his teens. A mentorship with his idol, the late Jim Henson, would follow, with Clash performing characters in Henson productions like Labyrinth and Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles while developing Sesame Street's Elmo -- a second-string fuzzball who would soon, to everyone's surprise, became a superstar. We spoke with Clash recently as he was en route to New York's Muppet workshop, where he reflected on his experience working with Henson, how he creates his characters, and that time Elmo testified before Congress. But first, we asked him to name his five favorite films...


I think I would say The Color Purple. It pulls you in. When the characters are written and directed so well that your heart goes out to all of them, even the ones that are supposed to be the villains, that's a good movie to me. I really connected to Steven [Spielberg] in that movie, having the kids, you know, play it out with the whole frog scene -- that was wonderful. I mean, just so clever. There was even a little clip of Sesame Street in it. [Laughs]

Man... just magic. I remember a friend coming back from seeing it and him saying, "You know, E.T. could have been built out of a sock, the story was so good." It just had the heart, and the excitement, from beginning to end; it's something that you wanna go to the movies for.

As a puppeteer, what did you think of the way they created and performed E.T.?

Beautifully. I mean, I knew the ins and outs of what they were doing and I thought it was beautiful. It was just enough to believe, you know. Just enough to believe. I know that Spielberg and Lucas, you know... you look back at stuff that you've done and you say, "Wow, wouldn't it have been great to have that technology that we have now to make it work," but you know what? It worked in the way they wanted it to in that movie and they did a beautiful job, with just enough movement and just enough expression to believe that character.

Midnight in Paris, wow. A very imaginative film. Woody Allen at his best. Just wonderful. I wanna go and really get caught up in a movie when I go, and that one definitely did it for me.

The Silence of the Lambs... You know, I never thought I would like a thriller but it was so phenomenally directed, and just suspenseful.

I'd have to pick Toy Story 3. It hit the heart, the way it should, that movie -- reminiscing about the transition from child to kind of a man. That transition, with toys and stuff, that was wonderful. When he's saying goodbye to his toys for the last time, that was wonderful.

Next, Clash talks about his experience working with Jim Henson, how he creates characters, and the cultural phenomenon of Elmo.

Source: http://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/1923895/news/1923895/

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Friday, November 4, 2011

A test for America's reading skills in NAEP scores

Latest test scores from the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) reveal slow progress in reading skills since 1992. Fortunately, Congress may refocus the No Child Left Behind law on better teaching of literacy.

Having fun reading this sentence?

Skip to next paragraph

Probably not. But if you understand it at all, then you likely learned how to read very well as a child by reading for pleasure almost every day.

It turns out, regular ?fun? reading is critical for progress in raising America?s education levels. In the latest ?nation?s report card? issued today, fourth- and eighth-graders who routinely read for fun fared far better in their reading skills than those who didn?t.

Alas, that particular insight for parents and educators isn?t quite widespread enough yet ? despite the best efforts of authors from Dr. Seuss to J.K. Rowling. The new test results from the 2011 National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) showed little progress in reading skills since 1992, when such testing began.

For fourth-graders, reading performance rose only four points (on a 500-point scale) over the past two decades. For eighth-graders, the increase was a similarly disappointing five points.

In sharp contrast, the increases in the NAEP?s math scores were much higher ? 28 and 21 points for those respective grades.

That?s quite a gap. Teaching of math has improved far more than literacy education ? despite intense pressure for public schools to better perform under the 2002 No Child Left Behind Act.

Overall, about a third of the students are proficient or better in reading. In math, 40 percent of the fourth-graders and 35 percent of the eighth-graders are at that level ? a poor showing for both categories, despite differences in progress.

The No Child law, which requires schools to reach 100 percent proficiency in reading and math by 2014, is long overdue for reform itself. About 80 percent of schools would fail its requirements today ? which is quite a statement about America?s ability to change education. In September, the Obama administration began to grant waivers to states ? effectively ending the law ? if they come up with new reforms. In the meantime, Congress has finally begun work on revising the act.

Last month, a Senate panel passed a version that would wisely focus on reading skills, including the wide gaps between whites and both blacks and Hispanics. Congress has recently gutted much of the funding for reading programs during cutting sprees.

The Senate bill would set up a competitive grant program for states to provide high-quality literacy instruction, especially to struggling students with disabilities or those who are still learning English. One provision would distribute books free of charge to low-income children in hopes their parents would read to them ? for fun.

In this visual and digital age, reading remains fundamental. Even colleges are forced to offer remedial reading to many high school graduates.

Let?s hope every young American can read a sentence like this one someday.

Source: http://rss.csmonitor.com/~r/feeds/csm/~3/Yp8TFFnRhPc/A-test-for-America-s-reading-skills-in-NAEP-scores

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